What is a Brain Haemorrhage? Causes and symptoms, Diagnosis and treatment | Brain Haemorrhage surgery

A brain haemorrhage refers to bleeding in the brain. This medical condition is also known as a brain bleed or an intracranial haemorrhage.

                                  Below video describes brain internal bleeding surgery

Brain internal bleeding surgery

 Causes and symptoms

Leaked blood in the brain may pool into a mass called a hematoma.

There are several factors can lead to a brain haemorrhage. These causes include:

• Head trauma or injuries
• A cerebral aneurysm, a weak area in an artery in the brain
• High b.p
• Blood vessel abnormalities
• Blood or bleeding disorders
• Liver disease
• A brain tumour
• Drug abuse

A brain haemorrhage can cause a variety of different symptoms. These symptoms can include sudden tingling, weakness, numbness or paralysis of the face, arm, or leg. This is most likely to occur on just one side of the body.

Other brain haemorrhage symptoms include:

• sudden, severe headache
• difficulty swallowing
• problems with vision
• loss of balance or coordination
• confusion or difficulty understanding
• difficulty talking or slurred speech
• stupor, lethargy, or unconsciousness
• seizures

Diagnosis and treatment

There are a few types of brain haemorrhages. The type depends on the location of the bleeding:

• intracerebral haemorrhage - bleeding that occurs inside of the brain
• subarachnoid haemorrhage - bleeding between the brain and the membranes that cover it
• subdural haemorrhage - below the inner layer of the dura and above the brain
• epidural haemorrhage - bleeding between the skull and the brain

Diagnosing a brain haemorrhage can be difficult because some patients do not always show physical signs. Doctors must carry out tests to see the exact location of the bleeding in the brain.

Testing options include:

• CT (computed tomography)
• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)
• lumbar puncture (spinal tap)
• X-rays of the brain after a dye is injected (cerebral angiography)

Surgery may be needed to treat the brain haemorrhage if the situation is severe. It may be needed for doctors to relieve some of the pressure on the brain.

A haemorrhage caused by a burst a cerebral aneurysm requires the clipping of the artery through a surgical procedure where part of the skull is removed. This procedure is called a craniotomy.

Other treatment options include anti-anxiety drugs, anti-epileptic drugs, and other medications to control symptoms such as severe headaches.